Array
(
[id] => 2
[link] =>
[name] =>
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/7-online-resources
[name] => Online resources
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 378
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/378-the-council-of-europe-in-brief
[name] => The Council of Europe in brief
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 364
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/364-map-of-the-member-states
[name] => Map of the member states
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 381
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/381-an-overview
[name] => An overview
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 408
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/408-annual-activity-report
[name] => Annual activity report
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 170
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/170-human-rights
[name] => Human rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 172
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/172-european-convention-on-human-rights
[name] => European Convention on Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 374
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/374-fundamental-freedoms
[name] => Fundamental freedoms
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 191
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/191-violence-against-women
[name] => Violence against women
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 187
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/187-children-s-rights
[name] => Children's rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 192
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/192-trafficking-in-human-beings
[name] => Trafficking in human beings
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 372
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/372-refugees
[name] => Refugees
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 176
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/176-death-penalty
[name] => Death penalty
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 177
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/177-prevention-of-torture
[name] => Prevention of torture
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 178
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/178-racism
[name] => Racism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 179
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/179-democracy
[name] => Democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 180
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/180-local-democracy
[name] => Local democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 182
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/182-elections
[name] => Elections
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 181
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/181-world-forum-for-democracy
[name] => World Forum for Democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 413
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/413-civil-society
[name] => Civil society
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 233
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/233-law
[name] => Law
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 234
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/234-organised-crime
[name] => Organised crime
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 235
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/235-corruption
[name] => Corruption
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 237
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/237-data-protection
[name] => Data protection
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 175
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/175-european-prison-reform
[name] => European prison reform
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 238
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/238-terrorism
[name] => Terrorism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 239
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/239-efficiency-of-justice
[name] => Efficiency of justice
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 379
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/379-international-law
[name] => International law
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 193
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/193-society
[name] => Society
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 194
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/194-living-together-diversity-and-freedom-in-europe
[name] => Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 195
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/195-european-social-charter
[name] => European Social Charter
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 205
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/205-drug-policies
[name] => Drug policies
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 196
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/196-migration
[name] => Migration
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 197
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/197-council-of-europe-development-bank
[name] => Council of Europe Development Bank
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 222
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/222-lgbt
[name] => LGBT
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 223
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/223-people-with-disabilities
[name] => People with disabilities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 190
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/190-gender-equality
[name] => Gender equality
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 198
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/198-new-technologies-medias
[name] => New technologies / Medias
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 199
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/199-internet
[name] => Internet
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 200
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/200-children-and-the-internet
[name] => Children and the Internet
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 201
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/201-media
[name] => Media
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 202
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/202-cybercrime
[name] => Cybercrime
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 410
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/410-artificial-intelligence
[name] => Artificial intelligence
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 203
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/203-health
[name] => Health
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 204
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/204-bioethics
[name] => Bioethics
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 206
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/206-medicines
[name] => Medicines
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 207
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/207-health-care
[name] => Health care
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 208
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/208-culture-heritage-nature
[name] => Culture, heritage, nature
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 210
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/210-european-cultural-convention
[name] => European Cultural Convention
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 211
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/211-intercultural-and-interreligious-dialogue
[name] => Intercultural and interreligious dialogue
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 212
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/212-environment
[name] => Environment
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 214
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/214-culture-and-democracy
[name] => Culture and democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 397
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/397-cultural-heritage
[name] => Cultural heritage
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 215
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/215-the-council-of-europe-and-the-european-union
[name] => The Council of Europe and the European Union
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 216
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/216-different-roles-shared-values
[name] => Different roles, shared values
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 217
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/217-partnerships
[name] => Partnerships
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[id] => 218
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/218-minority-rights
[name] => Minority rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 219
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/219-national-minorities
[name] => National minorities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 220
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/220-minority-languages
[name] => Minority languages
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 221
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/221-roma-and-travellers
[name] => Roma and Travellers
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[id] => 224
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/224-education
[name] => Education
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 226
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/226-teaching-history
[name] => Teaching History
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 393
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/393-human-rights-democratic-citizenship-and-interculturalism
[name] => Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 394
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/394-language-learning
[name] => Language learning
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 398
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/398-teacher-education
[name] => Teacher education
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[id] => 382
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/382-youth
[name] => Youth
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 392
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/392-youth-in-europe
[name] => Youth in Europe
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[id] => 383
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/383-sport
[name] => Sport
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 384
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/384-sport-for-all
[name] => Sport for all
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 390
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/390-doping
[name] => Doping
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 391
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/391-violence-in-sport
[name] => Violence in sport
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[id] => 240
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/240-institutions
[name] => Institutions
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 242
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/242-parliamentary-assembly
[name] => Parliamentary Assembly
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 243
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/243-congress-of-local-and-regional-authorities
[name] => Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 244
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/244-european-court-of-human-rights
[name] => European Court of Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 245
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/245-human-rights-commissioner
[name] => Human Rights Commissioner
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 246
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/246-conference-of-ingos
[name] => Conference of INGOs
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 247
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/247-conferences-on-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights
[name] => Conferences on the future of the European Court of Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[id] => 386
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/386-resources-for-young-people
[name] => Resources for young people
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 387
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/387-6-10-years
[name] => 6 - 10 years
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 389
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/389-11-18-years
[name] => 11 - 18 years
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[id] => 402
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/402-resources-for-teachers
[name] => Resources for teachers
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 404
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/404-educational-tools
[name] => Educational tools
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 407
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/407-history-teaching
[name] => History teaching
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
1
Catalog
Mobi - State of democracy, human rights and the rule of law in Europe (2015)
Democratic security is an old idea, based on the argument that democracies rarely, if ever, go to war with each other. Democratic practices equally protect states from internal strife. Democratic security is a responsibility which all nations share.
This second annual report on the state of democracy, human rights and the rule of law in Europe assesses the capacities of the member states to guarantee and enhance democratic security within their borders and, collectively, across the continent. It measures the extent to which the Council of Europe’s 47 member states are able to make the five pillars of democratic security a reality, namely: an efficient and independent judiciary, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, the functioning of democratic institutions, and inclusive society and democratic citizenship. The report also draws on the Council of Europe’s capacity to monitor and evaluate performance in terms of democracy, human rights and rule of law and to identify remedies for shortcomings and provide assistance in their implementation.
CONTENTS
FOREWORD
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER I – EFFICIENT AND INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY
Introduction
Legality and legal certainty
Judicial independence
Legal aid
Efficiency
Enforcement
Lawyer professionalism
CHAPTER II – FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
Introduction
Safety of journalists and others performing public watchdog functions
Protection from arbitrary application of the law
Media independence
Media pluralism and diversity
Protection of freedom of expression on the Internet
CHAPTER III – FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY AND FREEDOM OF ASSOCIATION
Introduction
Legal guarantees and favourable implementation of the law
Proper conduct of authorities during public events
Enabling civil society
Ensuring legal guarantee for NGO foundation and existence
CHAPTER IV – FUNCTIONING OF DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS
Introduction
Free and fair elections
The role of the opposition
Separation of powers
Vertical distribution of powers
Good governance
CHAPTER V – INCLUSIVE SOCIETIES AND DEMOCRATIC CITIZENSHIP
Introduction
Legal protection of social rights
Effective social rights enforcement
Quality of anti-discrimination measures
Integration policies: standards and mechanisms
Access to rights for young people
Education for democratic citizenship
Democratic security is an old idea, based on the argument that democracies rarely, if ever, go to war with each other. Democratic practices equally protect states from internal strife. Democratic security is a responsibility which all nations share.
This second annual report on the state of democracy, human rights and the rule of law in Europe assesses the capacities of the member states to guarantee and enhance democratic security within their borders and, collectively, across the continent. It measures the extent to which the Council of Europe’s 47 member states are able to make the five pillars of democratic security a reality, namely: an efficient and independent judiciary, freedom of expression, freedom of assembly and association, the functioning of democratic institutions, and inclusive society and democratic citizenship. The report also draws on the Council of Europe’s capacity to monitor and evaluate performance in terms of democracy, human rights and rule of law and to identify remedies for shortcomings and provide assistance in their implementation.