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La cité interculturelle pas à pas - Guide pratique pour l’application du modèle urbain de l’intégration interculturelle (Édition révisée) (2019)

Culture and democracy
129019FRA
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La diversité est aujourd’hui une caractéristique fondamentale des sociétés et est particulièrement visible dans les centres urbains. Si des personnes d’origines nationales, ethniques, linguistiques et religieuses différentes ont largement contribué à la prospérité de l’aprèsguerre, des inégalités liées à l’origine, à la culture et à la couleur de peau persistent et la profonde inquiétude que le pluralisme, l’identité et les valeurs communes font naître est souvent instrumentalisée au niveau politique. La promotion de l’équité et de la cohésion dans des sociétés diverses culturellement est devenue un défi de plus en plus difficile à relever.  Les villes sont particulièrement bien placées pour imaginer des réponses et en vérifier l’efficacité.

Le Conseil de l’Europe et ses villes partenaires ont développé et validé une approche interculturelle de l’intégration et de l’inclusion qui permet à ces dernières de tirer parti des avantages et de réduire au minimum les risques associés à la mobilité humaine et à la diversité culturelle. Dix ans après le début des travaux, il apparaît de plus en plus que la diversité, lorsqu’elle est reconnue et gérée comme une ressource, est bénéfique en termes de créativité, de bien-être et de développement économique.

Le Programme des cités interculturelles (ICC) invite les villes d’Europe et d’ailleurs à étudier la possibilité d’appliquer des politiques qui mettent la diversité au service du développement personnel et sociétal. Ce guide pas à pas est un outil qui aide les autorités locales à appliquer le modèle urbain de l’intégration et de l’inclusion interculturelles. Il tient compte des enseignements tirés et s’appuie sur des exemples de villes qui gèrent la diversité comme une ressource pour favoriser la confiance et les identités communes entre les divers groupes.
PRÉFACE 
INTRODUCTION 
Définitions de termes clés 
COMPRENDRE L’INTÉGRATION INTERCULTURELLE 
1. La nouvelle ère de la diversité 
2. Pourquoi l’interculturalisme ? 
3. La diversité, un atout 
4. Principes directeurs de l’intégration interculturelle 
5. Conditions nécessaires à l’exploitation des bénéfices de la diversité 
6. Les caractéristiques d’une Cité interculturelle 
CONSTRUIRE LA CITÉ INTERCULTURELLE 
1. Définir une vision interculturelle pour la ville 
a) S’engager publiquement envers l’interculturalisme 
b) Sensibiliser le public aux avantages de la diversité 
2. Préparer une stratégie interculturelle 
a) Mettre en place des structures de direction et de gestion 
b) Identifier des questions, des défis et des acteurs interculturels 
3. Formuler une stratégie interculturelle 
a) Consulter les habitants et encourager la participation 
b) Renforcer la compétence interculturelle 
ÉLÉMENTS D’UNE STRATÉGIE INTERCULTURELLE 
1. Interaction 
2. Participation 
3. Anti-discrimination 
4. Accueil des nouveau arrivants 
5. Éducation 
6. Quartiers 
7. Services publics 
8. Entreprises et emploi 
9. Vie culturelle et sociale 
10. Espace public 
11. Médiation et règlement des conflits 
12. Langue 
13. Médias et communication 
14. Présence internationale 
15. Veille et compétence interculturelles 
16. Leadership et citoyenneté 
SUIVI ET ÉVALUATION 
1. Collecte de données 
2. Définition d’indicateurs 
3. Suivi des progrès accomplis 
ANNEXES 
1. Base normative du programme des Cités interculturelles 
2. Pour aller plus loin…