Array
(
[id] => 2
[link] =>
[name] =>
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 7
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/7-online-resources
[name] => Online resources
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 378
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/378-the-council-of-europe-in-brief
[name] => The Council of Europe in brief
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 364
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/364-map-of-the-member-states
[name] => Map of the member states
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 381
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/381-an-overview
[name] => An overview
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 408
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/408-annual-activity-report
[name] => Annual activity report
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 170
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/170-human-rights
[name] => Human rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 172
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/172-european-convention-on-human-rights
[name] => European Convention on Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 374
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/374-fundamental-freedoms
[name] => Fundamental freedoms
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 191
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/191-violence-against-women
[name] => Violence against women
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 187
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/187-children-s-rights
[name] => Children's rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 192
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/192-trafficking-in-human-beings
[name] => Trafficking in human beings
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 372
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/372-refugees
[name] => Refugees
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 176
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/176-death-penalty
[name] => Death penalty
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 177
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/177-prevention-of-torture
[name] => Prevention of torture
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 178
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/178-racism
[name] => Racism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 179
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/179-democracy
[name] => Democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 180
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/180-local-democracy
[name] => Local democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 182
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/182-elections
[name] => Elections
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 181
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/181-world-forum-for-democracy
[name] => World Forum for Democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 413
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/413-civil-society
[name] => Civil society
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 233
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/233-law
[name] => Law
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 234
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/234-organised-crime
[name] => Organised crime
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 235
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/235-corruption
[name] => Corruption
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 237
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/237-data-protection
[name] => Data protection
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 175
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/175-european-prison-reform
[name] => European prison reform
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 238
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/238-terrorism
[name] => Terrorism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 239
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/239-efficiency-of-justice
[name] => Efficiency of justice
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 379
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/379-international-law
[name] => International law
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 193
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/193-society
[name] => Society
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 194
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/194-living-together-diversity-and-freedom-in-europe
[name] => Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 195
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/195-european-social-charter
[name] => European Social Charter
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 205
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/205-drug-policies
[name] => Drug policies
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 196
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/196-migration
[name] => Migration
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 197
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/197-council-of-europe-development-bank
[name] => Council of Europe Development Bank
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 222
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/222-lgbt
[name] => LGBT
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 223
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/223-people-with-disabilities
[name] => People with disabilities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 190
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/190-gender-equality
[name] => Gender equality
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 198
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/198-new-technologies-medias
[name] => New technologies / Medias
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 199
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/199-internet
[name] => Internet
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 200
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/200-children-and-the-internet
[name] => Children and the Internet
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 201
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/201-media
[name] => Media
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 202
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/202-cybercrime
[name] => Cybercrime
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 410
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/410-artificial-intelligence
[name] => Artificial intelligence
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[6] => Array
(
[id] => 203
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/203-health
[name] => Health
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 204
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/204-bioethics
[name] => Bioethics
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 206
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/206-medicines
[name] => Medicines
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 207
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/207-health-care
[name] => Health care
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[7] => Array
(
[id] => 208
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/208-culture-heritage-nature
[name] => Culture, heritage, nature
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 210
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/210-european-cultural-convention
[name] => European Cultural Convention
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 211
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/211-intercultural-and-interreligious-dialogue
[name] => Intercultural and interreligious dialogue
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 212
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/212-environment
[name] => Environment
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 214
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/214-culture-and-democracy
[name] => Culture and democracy
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 397
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/397-cultural-heritage
[name] => Cultural heritage
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[8] => Array
(
[id] => 215
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/215-the-council-of-europe-and-the-european-union
[name] => The Council of Europe and the European Union
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 216
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/216-different-roles-shared-values
[name] => Different roles, shared values
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 217
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/217-partnerships
[name] => Partnerships
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[9] => Array
(
[id] => 218
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/218-minority-rights
[name] => Minority rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 219
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/219-national-minorities
[name] => National minorities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 220
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/220-minority-languages
[name] => Minority languages
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 221
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/221-roma-and-travellers
[name] => Roma and Travellers
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[10] => Array
(
[id] => 224
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/224-education
[name] => Education
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 226
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/226-teaching-history
[name] => Teaching History
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 393
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/393-human-rights-democratic-citizenship-and-interculturalism
[name] => Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 394
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/394-language-learning
[name] => Language learning
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 398
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/398-teacher-education
[name] => Teacher education
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[11] => Array
(
[id] => 382
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/382-youth
[name] => Youth
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 392
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/392-youth-in-europe
[name] => Youth in Europe
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[12] => Array
(
[id] => 383
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/383-sport
[name] => Sport
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 384
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/384-sport-for-all
[name] => Sport for all
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 390
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/390-doping
[name] => Doping
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 391
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/391-violence-in-sport
[name] => Violence in sport
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[13] => Array
(
[id] => 240
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/240-institutions
[name] => Institutions
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 242
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/242-parliamentary-assembly
[name] => Parliamentary Assembly
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 243
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/243-congress-of-local-and-regional-authorities
[name] => Congress of Local and Regional Authorities
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[2] => Array
(
[id] => 244
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/244-european-court-of-human-rights
[name] => European Court of Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[3] => Array
(
[id] => 245
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/245-human-rights-commissioner
[name] => Human Rights Commissioner
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[4] => Array
(
[id] => 246
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/246-conference-of-ingos
[name] => Conference of INGOs
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[5] => Array
(
[id] => 247
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/247-conferences-on-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights
[name] => Conferences on the future of the European Court of Human Rights
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[14] => Array
(
[id] => 386
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/386-resources-for-young-people
[name] => Resources for young people
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 387
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/387-6-10-years
[name] => 6 - 10 years
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 389
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/389-11-18-years
[name] => 11 - 18 years
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
[15] => Array
(
[id] => 402
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/402-resources-for-teachers
[name] => Resources for teachers
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[id] => 404
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/404-educational-tools
[name] => Educational tools
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
[1] => Array
(
[id] => 407
[link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/407-history-teaching
[name] => History teaching
[desc] =>
[children] => Array
(
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
1
Catalog
Media regulatory authorities and hate speech (2017)
The aim of this publication is to contribute to a wider understanding of the concept of hate speech, to offer a starting point in terms of providing recommendations and mechanisms for fighting against and preventing it, and to facilitate further efforts and initiatives. It should represent a useful and important tool in further activities of not only media regulatory bodies, but within the discourse of wider societal stakeholders.
The Council of Europe wishes to extend its gratitude to national regulatory authorities in the field of electronic media from South-East Europe for their involvement in producing this publication, dedicated work, initiative, responsiveness and team-spirit that resulted in the creation of this very valuable publication.
1. Introduction
2. Hate speech discourse
3. Cases of hate speech in the region
Albania
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Macedonian regulatory authority
Montenegro
Kosovo*
Serbia
4. Recommendations and conclusions
Annex
Annex 1: Legal framework overviews of participating countries
Annex 2: Relevant case-law of the European Court of Human Rights
* All references to Kosovo, whether to the territory, institutions or population, in this text shall be understood in full compliance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244 and without prejudice to the status of Kosovo.
The aim of this publication is to contribute to a wider understanding of the concept of hate speech, to offer a starting point in terms of providing recommendations and mechanisms for fighting against and preventing it, and to facilitate further efforts and initiatives. It should represent a useful and important tool in further activities of not only media regulatory bodies, but within the discourse of wider societal stakeholders.
The Council of Europe wishes to extend its gratitude to national regulatory authorities in the field of electronic media from South-East Europe for their involvement in producing this publication, dedicated work, initiative, responsiveness and team-spirit that resulted in the creation of this very valuable publication.