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Artificial intelligence, human rights, democracy, and the rule of law - A primer (2021)

Artificial intelligence
Format : PDF PDF
AI_Primer_GBR
Type of document :
Document
Format :
PDF
Language :
English
Size :
2.91 MB
Number of pages :
48
David Leslie, Christopher Burr, Mhairi Aitken, Josh Cowls, Mike Katell, & Morgan Briggs; With a foreword by Lord Tim Clement-Jones
Free
Tax excluded
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Produced by The Alan Turing Institute to support the Feasibility Study published by the Council of Europe's Ad Hoc Committee on Artificial Intelligence

It is a remarkable fact that rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and data-driven technologies over the last two decades have placed contemporary society at a pivot-point in deciding what shape the future of humanity will take. On the one hand, the flourishing of societally beneficial AI innovation promises, among other things, to help us tackle climate change and biodiversity loss; to equitably improve medical care, living standards, transportation, and agricultural production; and to address many of the social injustices and material inequalities that beset today's world. On the other hand, the proliferation of irresponsible AI innovations is revealing warning signs of the potential troubles that may lie ahead if the advancement of these technologies continues on its current worrying trajectory.

The purpose of this primer is to introduce the main concepts and principles presented in the CAHAI's Feasibility Study for a general, non-technical audience. It also aims to provide some background information on the areas of AI innovation, human rights law, technology policy, and compliance mechanisms covered therein. In keeping with the Council of Europe's commitment to broad multistakeholder consultations, outreach, and engagement, this primer has been designed to help facilitate the meaningful and informed participation of an inclusive group of stakeholders as the CAHAI seeks feedback and guidance regarding the essential issues raised by The Feasibility Study.
01 INTRODUCTION
02 HOW DO AI SYSTEMS WORK?
Technical Concepts
Types of Machine Learning
Stages of the AI Lifecycle
03 HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, AND THE RULE OF LAW
Interdependence of Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law
04 OPPORTUNITIES AND RISKS OF AI/ML AND THEIR IMPACTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS, DEMOCRACY, AND THE RULE OF LAW
05 PRINCIPLES AND PRIORITIES FOR A LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Connecting Principles, Rights, and Obligations
Additional Considerations
06 LANDSCAPE OF LEGAL INSTRUMENTS
International Legal Frameworks
Current Soft Law Approaches
National Legal Instruments
The Role of Private Actors
Current Limitations
Future Needs and Opportunities
Options for a Legal Framework
07 PRACTICAL MECHANISMS TO SUPPORT LEGAL FRAMEWORK
The Role of Compliance Mechanisms
The Role of Different Actors
Examples of Types of Compliance Mechanisms
Follow-up Mechanisms
08 CONCLUSION
09 APPENDICES
Glossary
Council of Europe's and Related Work in the Field of AI and Adjacent Areas to Date