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Code de conduite européen sur la chasse et les espèces exotiques envahissantes (2016)

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Format : PDF PDF
032215FRA
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Andrea Monaco, Piero Genovesi, Angus Middleton
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Les espèces exotiques envahissantes (EEE) ont été identifiées comme une des principales causes directes de la dégradation de la biodiversité et des changements dans les services écosystémiques. De nombreux instruments politiques et juridiques, lignes directrices et outils techniques internationaux ont été développés pour contrer cette menace. Cependant, les politiques européennes demandent des mesures volontaires supplémentaires afin de gérer les principales voies de pénétration des EEE dans la région. C’est pour cette raison que le Conseil de l’Europe, se fondant sur les principes de la Convention de Berne et avec l’appui technique du Groupe de spécialistes des espèces envahissantes de l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN), élabore une série d’instruments volontaires (codes de conduite et lignes directrices) visant un certain nombre de secteurs industriels et d’activités pouvant favoriser la pénétration d’espèces exotiques. Le développement de ces instruments peut jouer un rôle important dans la sensibilisation des principaux secteurs de la société.

La flore et la faune sauvages jouent un rôle essentiel dans la préservation des équilibres biologiques et fournissent des services écosystémiques qui contribuent au bien-être humain. Cependant, la dégradation de la biodiversité déstabilise d’ores et déjà les efforts faits pour améliorer le bien-être économique, social et environnemental en Europe et dans le monde, avec des conséquences visibles sur la qualité de vie des populations.

La Convention de Berne, traité européen sur la conservation de la nature, vise à préserver la plus grande partie de notre patrimoine naturel et encourage la représentation et la participation au débat sur l’environnement. Plus d’informations sont disponibles sur www.coe.int/bernconvention/fr.
1. INTRODUCTION
2. OBJET ET CHAMP D’APPLICATION
3. GÉNÉRALITÉS
3.1. Les chasseurs et la chasse en Europe
3.2. La chasse comme voie d’introduction d’espèces exotiques
3.3. Impacts des espèces exotiques introduites pour la chasse
3.4. Le rôle des chasseurs dans la surveillance et le contrôle des espèces exotiques envahissantes (EEE)
4. CONTEXTE
4.1. Le contexte international
Convention sur la diversité biologique (CDB)
Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature (UICN)
Commission de sauvegarde des espèces (CSE)
4.2. Le contexte européen
La Directive « Oiseaux »
La Convention de Berne
La stratégie de l’Union européenne relative aux espèces envahissantes
4.3. Initiatives nationales
4.4. La prise de position des chasseurs européens
5. REMERCIEMENTS
6. BIBLIOGRAPHIE
ANNEXES
Code de conduite européen sur la chasse et les espèces exotiques envahissantes
But et champ d’application
Principes
1. Eviter les introductions délibérées et accidentelles de nouvelles espèces exotiques envahissantes de gibier
2. Eviter les introductions délibérées et accidentelles et la propagation de plantes exotiques envahissantes pour nourrir et abriter le gibier
3. N’utiliser les espèces exotiques pour le repeuplement que si elles ne sont pas envahissantes ou si elles ont été introduites à des époques
historiques anciennes
4. Sélectionner des sources de repeuplement dans des populations qui font l’objet d’une gestion appropriée du patrimoine génétique et des maladies
5. Pratiquer la chasse à l’aide d’animaux en réduisant les risques de fuites dans la nature et d’impact sur les espèces indigènes
6. Considérer l’éradication et le contrôle comme des outils de gestion essentiels pour contrer les EEE et favoriser également leur mise en oeuvre en ciblant des espèces de gibier
7. Collaborer aux programmes de suivi et de surveillance des EEE
ANNEXE 1 : Corrélation entre le « code de conduite européen sur la chasse et les espèces exotiques envahissantes » et la « charte européenne relative à la chasse et la biodiversité »
NOTES

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