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Catalog

Newsletter

Principes éthiques pour la réduction des risques de catastrophe et la résilience des personnes (2012)

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EUR-OPA_principes ethiquesFRA
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Michel Prieur
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Le présent document a vocation à concerner tant les victimes directes des catastrophes que les autres acteurs tels que les organisations publiques de défense civile, les personnels de l’Etat victime et de l’Etat qui porte secours ainsi que les ONG d’assistance humanitaire.

Il s’agira ici de déterminer tout au long du processus lié aux catastrophes (depuis la prévention jusqu’à la restauration des lieux, en passant par la période de crise, soit avant, pendant et après la catastrophe) les obligations morales qui s’imposent aux divers acteurs, victimes locales comme secouristes, en s’appuyant sur les règles existantes du droit international général mais surtout du droit international des droits de l’homme.

L'accord EUR-OPA Risques majeurs est une plate-forme de coopération dans le domaine des risques majeurs. Son domaine de compétence est lié aux catastrophes naturelles et technologiques majeures - la connaissance, la prévention, la gestion des crises, l’analyse post-crise et la réhabilitation.

Avant-propos
Principes éthiques applicables à la réduction des risques de catastrophes et contribuant à la résilience des personnes aux catastrophes
Introduction
Principes généraux
Solidarité
Responsabilité commune
Non-discrimination
Humanité
Impartialité
Neutralité
Coopération
Souveraineté territoriale
Prévention
Rôle des médias
Les principes éthiques applicables avant les catastrophes
L’édiction de mesures de prévention
L’importance d’un environnement sain et de qualité
Éducation, formation et sensibilisation en matière de résilience aux catastrophes
Information préalable
Participation
Liberté d’expression
Accès à la justice
Prévention des catastrophes sur les lieux de travail
Prévention des catastrophes sur les lieux de loisirs et de tourisme
Prévention des catastrophes dans les lieux publics, notamment les écoles et les hôpitaux
Prévention spéciale destinée aux groupes les plus vulnérables
Organisation et participation aux exercices d’alerte
Évacuation préventive de populations
Les principes éthiques applicables pendant la catastrophe
Assistance humanitaire
Information et participation lors de la catastrophe
Évacuation forcée des populations
Respect de la dignité
Respect des personnes
Assistance d’urgence aux plus fragiles
Importance des sauveteurs
Mesures pour sauvegarder et restaurer l’environnement
Mesures pour sauvegarder et restaurer les liens sociaux
Les principes éthiques applicables après les catastrophes
Renforcement de la résilience face aux effets des catastrophes
Mesures nécessaires
Protection des droits économiques, sociaux et culturels
Protection des droits civils et politiques
Annexe 1