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Die Umsetzung der Europäischen Charta der Regionaloder Minderheitensprachen mithilfe von künstlicher Intelligenz (2022)

Summary
Table of contents

Der Sonderausschuss für künstliche Intelligenz des Europarats hat, gestützt auf dessen Normen zu Menschenrechten, Demokratie und Rechtsstaatlichkeit, mögliche Bestandteile eines Rechtsrahmens für künstliche Intelligenz geprüft. Während seiner Arbeit von 2019 bis 2021 hat er festgestellt, dass KIAnwendungen Personen, die Minderheitensprachen sprechen, dazu befähigen können, aktiver am öffentlichen Leben, an Debatten, Beratungen oder Entscheidungsfindungen teilzunehmen, aber auch das Bewusstsein für diese Sprachen zu schärfen. Es wurde insbesondere darauf hingewiesen, dass die Verwendung von Minderheitensprachen in KI-Anwendungen ein Weg sein könnte, sprachliche Diskriminierung zu vermeiden.

Einleitung
1. Allgemeine Gründe für den Gebrauch von künstlicher Intelligenz zur Erleichterung der Charta-Umsetzung
2. Maschinelle Übersetzung

2.1 Verschiedene Methoden für maschinelle Übersetzung

2.2 Einsatz von vorhandenen maschinellen Übersetzungssystemen

2.3 Entwicklung neuer maschineller Übersetzungssysteme

3. Weitere Anwendungen der natürlichen Sprachverarbeitung und ihr Gebrauch für die Charta-Umsetzung

3.1 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen im Privatleben (Artikel 7.1.d)

3.2 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen im Bildungswesen (Artikel 7.1.g, 8.1.f.ii, iii)

3.3 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen in Justizbehörden (Artikel 9.1.a.i-iv, 9.1.b.i-iii, 9.1.c.i-iii, 9.1.d, 9.3)

3.4 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen in Verwaltungsbehörden und öffentlichen Dienstleistungsbetrieben

3.4.1 Chatbots (Artikel 10.1.a.i-iv, 10.2.a, 10.2.b, 10.3.a-c)

3.4.2 Intelligente Suchmethoden (Artikel 10.2.g)

3.4.3 Sprachsynthese für die Ansage von Straßennamen (Artikel 10.2.g)

3.4.4 Maschinelle Übersetzung (Artikel 10.1.a.i-v, 10.1.b, 10.1.c, 10.2.a-f, 10.3.a-c, 10.4.a)

3.5 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen in den Medien

3.5.1 Automatische Generierung von Untertiteln (Artikel 11.1.a.i-iii, 11.1.c.i-ii)

3.5.2 Automatische Extraktion von Informationen (Artikel 11.1.e.i-ii)

3.6 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen in kulturellen Tätigkeiten und Einrichtungen

3.6.1 Datenstrukturierung (Artikel 12.1.g, 12.1.h)

3.6.2 Maschinelle Übersetzung (Artikel 12.1.a, 12.1.b, 12.1.c)

3.6.3 Automatische Generierung von Untertiteln (Artikel 12.1.b, 12.1.c)

3.7 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen im wirtschaftlichen und sozialen Leben

3.7.1 Sentimentanalyse (Artikel 13.1.c, 13.1.d, 13.2.b)

3.7.2 Maschinelle Übersetzung (Artikel 13.1.a, 13.1.d, 13.2.a, 13.2.b, 13.2.d, 13.2.e)

3.8 Regional- oder Minderheitensprachen im grenzüberschreitenden Austausch (Artikel 7.1.i, 14).19

Fazit