Roma and Traveller women and girls face intersectional discrimination, including sexism, violence, and ethnic prejudice, which exacerbates their vulnerabilities. The European Court of Human Rights acknowledges their disadvantaged position and calls for special protection. Key challenges include unequal access to education, high unemployment, and limited economic opportunities. The guidelines in the Recommendation provide practical solutions to promote equality and address the specific vulnerabilities of Roma and Traveller women and girls in 13 sections, helping member States fulfill their obligations.