Array ( [id] => 2 [link] => [name] => [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 7 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/7-online-resources [name] => Online resources [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 378 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/378-the-council-of-europe-in-brief [name] => The Council of Europe in brief [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 364 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/364-map-of-the-member-states [name] => Map of the member states [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 381 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/381-an-overview [name] => An overview [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 408 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/408-annual-activity-report [name] => Annual activity report [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 170 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/170-human-rights [name] => Human rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 172 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/172-european-convention-on-human-rights [name] => European Convention on Human Rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 374 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/374-fundamental-freedoms [name] => Fundamental freedoms [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 191 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/191-violence-against-women [name] => Violence against women [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 187 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/187-children-s-rights [name] => Children's rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 192 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/192-trafficking-in-human-beings [name] => Trafficking in human beings [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 372 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/372-refugees [name] => Refugees [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [6] => Array ( [id] => 176 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/176-death-penalty [name] => Death penalty [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [7] => Array ( [id] => 177 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/177-prevention-of-torture [name] => Prevention of torture [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [8] => Array ( [id] => 178 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/178-racism [name] => Racism [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 179 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/179-democracy [name] => Democracy [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 180 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/180-local-democracy [name] => Local democracy [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 182 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/182-elections [name] => Elections [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 181 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/181-world-forum-for-democracy [name] => World Forum for Democracy [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 413 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/413-civil-society [name] => Civil society [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 233 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/233-law [name] => Law [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 234 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/234-organised-crime [name] => Organised crime [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 235 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/235-corruption [name] => Corruption [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 237 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/237-data-protection [name] => Data protection [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 175 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/175-european-prison-reform [name] => European prison reform [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 238 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/238-terrorism [name] => Terrorism [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 239 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/239-efficiency-of-justice [name] => Efficiency of justice [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [6] => Array ( [id] => 379 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/379-international-law [name] => International law [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 193 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/193-society [name] => Society [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 194 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/194-living-together-diversity-and-freedom-in-europe [name] => Living Together - Diversity and Freedom in Europe [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 195 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/195-european-social-charter [name] => European Social Charter [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 205 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/205-drugs-and-addictions [name] => Drugs and addictions [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 196 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/196-migration [name] => Migration [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 197 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/197-council-of-europe-development-bank [name] => Council of Europe Development Bank [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 222 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/222-lgbt [name] => LGBT [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [6] => Array ( [id] => 223 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/223-people-with-disabilities [name] => People with disabilities [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [7] => Array ( [id] => 190 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/190-gender-equality [name] => Gender equality [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 198 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/198-new-technologies-medias [name] => New technologies / Medias [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 199 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/199-internet [name] => Internet [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 200 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/200-children-and-the-internet [name] => Children and the Internet [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 201 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/201-media [name] => Media [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 202 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/202-cybercrime [name] => Cybercrime [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 410 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/410-artificial-intelligence [name] => Artificial intelligence [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [6] => Array ( [id] => 203 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/203-health [name] => Health [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 204 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/204-bioethics [name] => Bioethics [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 206 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/206-medicines [name] => Medicines [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 207 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/207-health-care [name] => Health care [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [7] => Array ( [id] => 208 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/208-culture-heritage-nature [name] => Culture, heritage, nature [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 210 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/210-european-cultural-convention [name] => European Cultural Convention [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 211 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/211-intercultural-and-interreligious-dialogue [name] => Intercultural and interreligious dialogue [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 212 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/212-environment [name] => Environment [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 214 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/214-culture-and-democracy [name] => Culture and democracy [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 397 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/397-cultural-heritage [name] => Cultural heritage [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [8] => Array ( [id] => 215 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/215-the-council-of-europe-and-the-european-union [name] => The Council of Europe and the European Union [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 216 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/216-different-roles-shared-values [name] => Different roles, shared values [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 217 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/217-partnerships [name] => Partnerships [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [9] => Array ( [id] => 218 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/218-minority-rights [name] => Minority rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 219 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/219-national-minorities [name] => National minorities [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 220 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/220-minority-languages [name] => Minority languages [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 221 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/221-roma-and-travellers [name] => Roma and Travellers [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [10] => Array ( [id] => 224 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/224-education [name] => Education [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 226 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/226-teaching-history [name] => Teaching History [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 393 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/393-human-rights-democratic-citizenship-and-interculturalism [name] => Human rights, democratic citizenship and interculturalism [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 394 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/394-language-learning [name] => Language learning [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 398 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/398-teacher-education [name] => Teacher education [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [11] => Array ( [id] => 382 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/382-youth [name] => Youth [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 392 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/392-youth-in-europe [name] => Youth in Europe [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [12] => Array ( [id] => 383 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/383-sport [name] => Sport [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 384 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/384-sport-for-all [name] => Sport for all [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 390 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/390-doping [name] => Doping [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 391 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/391-violence-in-sport [name] => Violence in sport [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [13] => Array ( [id] => 240 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/240-institutions [name] => Institutions [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 242 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/242-parliamentary-assembly [name] => Parliamentary Assembly  [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 243 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/243-congress-of-local-and-regional-authorities [name] => Congress of Local and Regional Authorities  [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [2] => Array ( [id] => 244 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/244-european-court-of-human-rights [name] => European Court of Human Rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [3] => Array ( [id] => 245 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/245-human-rights-commissioner [name] => Human Rights Commissioner [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [4] => Array ( [id] => 246 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/246-conference-of-ingos [name] => Conference of INGOs [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [5] => Array ( [id] => 247 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/247-conferences-on-the-future-of-the-european-court-of-human-rights [name] => Conferences on the future of the European Court of Human Rights [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [14] => Array ( [id] => 386 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/386-resources-for-young-people [name] => Resources for young people [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 387 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/387-6-10-years [name] => 6 - 10 years [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 389 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/389-11-18-years [name] => 11 - 18 years [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) [15] => Array ( [id] => 402 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/402-resources-for-teachers [name] => Resources for teachers [desc] => [children] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [id] => 404 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/404-educational-tools [name] => Educational tools [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) [1] => Array ( [id] => 407 [link] => https://edoc.coe.int/en/407-history-teaching [name] => History teaching [desc] => [children] => Array ( ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) 1

Catalog

Newsletter

Comparative Practices on the Use of Information Collected in Conflict Zones as Evidence in Criminal Proceedings (2024)

Terrorism
Format : PDF PDF
107924GBR
Type of document :
Document
Format :
PDF
Language :
English
Size :
927.12 KB
Number of pages :
41
Council of Europe
Free
Tax excluded
Fichier indisponible, contactez-nous pour plus d'informations
To receive multiple printed copies, subject to availability, please contact us
Practical guidance for practitioners to assist in investigations and prosecutions of crimes of terrorism and other crimes, including violations of international humanitarian law committed in the context of armed conflicts.

For over forty years, the Council of Europe has helped to develop and reinforce key legal standards to prevent and suppress acts of terrorism. Taking a comprehensive approach, the Council of Europe works to help member States fight terrorism more effectively by strengthening and improving their national legislation, as well as facilitate international co-operation. In full respect for human rights and the rule of law, the Council of Europe is continuously working to improve international co-operation in bringing terrorists to justice.

The present publication was prepared through collaboration between the Council of Europe Committee on Counter-Terrorism (CDCT) and the International Institute for Justice and the Rule of Law (IIJ), with support from the United States Department of State. It reflects practices with use of information collected in conflict zones in the Council of Europe member and observer States, information on which was kindly provided by national authorities.
FOREWORD 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
1. Sources and Types of Information 
2. Mechanisms to Obtain and/or Share Information 
3. Steps to Analyse and Use Information 
INTRODUCTION 
1. SOURCES AND TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED IN CONFLICT ZONES
1.1. Sources of Information 
1.1.1. Domestic Sources 
1.1.2. Foreign Governmental Sources and Intergovernmental Sharing Mechanisms 
1.1.3. Multilateral Actors 
1.1.4. Non-Governmental Actors 
1.2. Types of Information 
1.2.1. Physical 
1.2.2. Digital 
1.2.3. Documentary 
1.2.4. Intercepted and Satellite- or UAS-Generated 
1.2.5. Statements and Testimony 
2. MECHANISMS TO OBTAIN AND/OR SHARE INFORMATION 
2.1. Co-ordination and Information Sharing at the National Level 
2.1.1. Domestic Legal Frameworks 
2.1.2. Interagency Co-ordination Mechanisms 
2.1.3. Declassification Procedures 
2.2. International Co-operation 
2.2.1. Informal Outreach to Foreign Counterparts 
2.2.2. Caveats on Use or Further Sharing of Information 
2.2.3. Information Sharing between States through Law Enforcement or Formal Judicial Channels 
2.2.4. Intergovernmental Databases and Information-Sharing Initiatives 
2.2.5. Co-ordination with Multilateral Actors 
2.3. Obtaining Information from Non-Governmental Actors 
3. STEPS TO ANALYSE AND USE INFORMATION 
3.1. Human Rights Standards and Safeguards 
3.2. Analysis for Case-Building Purposes 
3.2.1. Assessment and Use to Generate Investigative Leads 
3.2.2. Proactive Sharing with Foreign Authorities 
3.3. Admitting Conflict Zone Information into Evidence 
3.3.1. General Admissibility Considerations 
3.3.2. Protection of National Security Interests 
3.4. Corroborating Authenticity and Reliability and Supporting Probative Value 
3.4.1. Introducing Technical Analysis Results, Documentation, or Contextual Information 
3.4.2. Introducing Additional Physical or Digital Evidence 
3.4.3. Introducing Supporting Testimony 
3.5. Use for the Prosecution of Offences other than Terrorism 
CONCLUSION 
PRACTITIONER’S FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS (FAQ)