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Rapport sur les facteurs à l’origine de l’extrémisme violent menant au terrorisme (2026)

Terrorism

Format : PDF PDF

Ref. 007226FRA

Type of document :

Report

Format :

PDF

Language :

French

Size :

1,20 MB

Number of pages :

45

Author(s) : Paul Gill, Zoe Marchment, Caitlin Clemmow

Free

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Summary
Table of contents

L'extrémisme violent est une menace pour la paix, la démocratie, les droits humains; il faut non seulement le combattre, mais aussi, et surtout, le prévenir

Depuis plus de 40 ans, le Conseil de l’Europe s’efforce d’élaborer et de renforcer les normes juridiques essentielles pour prévenir et réprimer les actes de terrorisme. Grâce à une approche globale, l’Organisation aide les États membres à lutter plus efficacement contre le terrorisme en renforçant et en améliorant leur législation nationale, facilitant ainsi la coopération internationale. Dans le plein respect des droits humains et de l’État de droit, le Conseil de l’Europe oeuvre sans relâche à traduire les terroristes en justice et à renforcer la coopération internationale.

Ce rapport synthétise les données actuelles sur les facteurs à l’origine de l’extrémisme violent et cherche à identifier les facteurs situationnels, contextuels, personnels, psychologiques et sociaux les plus couramment associés aux personnes qui basculent dans le terrorisme.

RÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION
FACTEURS SYSTÉMIQUES DE L’EXTRÉMISME VIOLENT

Défaillance de la gouvernance et exclusion politique

Inégalités socio-économiques et marginalisation

Conflits, interventions étrangères et griefs mondiaux

Menaces contre l’identité culturelle et polarisation sociale

Écosystèmes numériques et progrès technologiques

Cohésion sociale et normes morales

FACTEURS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX À L’ORIGINE DE L’EXTRÉMISME VIOLENT

Mécanismes cognitifs : influencer la manière dont les individus pensent et se sentent

Mécanismes moraux : modifier la notion du bien et du mal

Mécanismes d’attachement : créer des liens émotionnels qui renforcent l’extrémisme

Affaiblissement des mécanismes de contrôle social ou remplacement des normes et du contrôle

FACTEURS D’EFFETS DE SÉLECTION ET FACTEURS DÉTERMINANTS DE L’EXTRÉMISME VIOLENT
FACTEURS INDIVIDUELS À L’ORIGINE DE L’EXTRÉMISME VIOLENT

Facteurs sociodémographiques

Comportements parallèles comme facteurs déterminants

Attitudes et croyances : des catalyseurs

Influences déstabilisantes comme facteurs déterminants

CONCLUSION

Implications politiques

RÉFÉRENCES
ANNEXE – ÉTUDES EMPIRIQUES INCLUSES
À PROPOS DES AUTEURS

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