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1
Catalog
Situation de la démocratie, des droits humains et de l'Etat de droit 2023 - Rapport annuel de la Secrétaire Générale du Conseil de l'Europe (2023)
Invitation pour un nouvel engagement en faveur des valeurs et des normes du Conseil de l'Europe.
Dans son rapport annuel publié aujourd’hui – Journée du Conseil de l'Europe – la Secrétaire Générale rappelle que les normes de l’Organisation doivent s’appliquer à tous les aspects de la vie des Européens. Elle souligne également le profond impact de l’agression brutale et illégale que la Russie continue de mener contre l’Ukraine. « L’agression contre l’Ukraine a causé d’immenses souffrances, à preuve les centaines de milliers de morts, les millions de réfugiés, les récits terrifiants de tortures, de viols et de pertes. Nous aspirons à un retour à la paix : une paix durable fondée sur la justice ».
Le rapport, dont une première section couvre les points forts et faibles des institutions démocratiques, et une deuxième s’intéresse à la qualité de l’environnement démocratique, constate des défis tels que :
Dans son rapport annuel publié aujourd’hui – Journée du Conseil de l'Europe – la Secrétaire Générale rappelle que les normes de l’Organisation doivent s’appliquer à tous les aspects de la vie des Européens. Elle souligne également le profond impact de l’agression brutale et illégale que la Russie continue de mener contre l’Ukraine. « L’agression contre l’Ukraine a causé d’immenses souffrances, à preuve les centaines de milliers de morts, les millions de réfugiés, les récits terrifiants de tortures, de viols et de pertes. Nous aspirons à un retour à la paix : une paix durable fondée sur la justice ».
Le rapport, dont une première section couvre les points forts et faibles des institutions démocratiques, et une deuxième s’intéresse à la qualité de l’environnement démocratique, constate des défis tels que :
• l’augmentation des violences à l’encontre des journalistes, le recours à la surveillance pour suivre leurs mouvements et les intimider, des tactiques qui vont des arrestations aux procès stratégiques contre la participation publique pour empêcher les journalistes d’enquête et d’autres personnes d’effectuer leur travail;
• la promulgation de nouvelles lois et le détournement des lois existantes pour entraver la société civile, des manifestations abusivement qualifiées de dangereuses, le recours excessif à la force contre les manifestants, des obstacles administratifs et des restrictions financières de plus en plus lourdes contre les organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG), et l’exploitation du système judiciaire pour affaiblir l’opposition politique;
• un environnement politique polarisé dans lequel le discours de haine prend de plus en plus d’ampleur, en ligne et hors ligne, et cible souvent les femmes et diverses minorités et groupes vulnérables.
Ces tendances négatives ne se retrouvent pas partout, d’où l’importance de prendre aussi acte des évolutions positives dans certains États membres.PRÉFACE DE LA SECRÉTAIRE GÉNÉRALE
PRINCIPALES CONSTATATIONS DU RAPPORT
PRÉSENTATION GÉNÉRALE DU RAPPORT
PARTIE I – LES INSTITUTIONS DÉMOCRATIQUES
CHAPITRE 1 – EFFICACITÉ, IMPARTIALITÉ ET INDÉPENDANCE DE LA JUSTICE
PARTIE II – ENVIRONNEMENT DÉMOCRATIQUE
CHAPITRE 6 – DIGNITÉ HUMAINE
PRINCIPALES CONSTATATIONS DU RAPPORT
PRÉSENTATION GÉNÉRALE DU RAPPORT
PARTIE I – LES INSTITUTIONS DÉMOCRATIQUES
CHAPITRE 1 – EFFICACITÉ, IMPARTIALITÉ ET INDÉPENDANCE DE LA JUSTICE
Introduction
Indépendance de la justice
Responsabilité de la justice
Efficacité des systèmes judiciaires
CHAPITRE 2 – LIBERTÉ D’EXPRESSION
Introduction
Garanties juridiques de la liberté d’expression
Protection des journalistes et des autres personnes qui s’expriment
Un environnement médiatique indépendant et pluraliste
Fiabilité et confiance dans l’information
CHAPITRE 3 – LIBERTÉ DE RÉUNION ET LIBERTÉ D’ASSOCIATION
Introduction
Liberté de réunion
Liberté d’association
CHAPITRE 4 – INSTITUTIONS POLITIQUES
Introduction
Fonctionnement des institutions démocratiques
Élections démocratiques
Démocratie locale et régionale
Bonne gouvernance à tous les niveaux territoriaux
CHAPITRE 5 – INTÉGRITÉ DES INSTITUTIONS
Introduction
Cadres d’intégrité institutionnels
Normes de conduite applicables aux agents publics
Intégrité, efficacité et impact des mécanismes de responsabilisation et de répression
Mécanismes de répression pénale et non pénale
PARTIE II – ENVIRONNEMENT DÉMOCRATIQUE
CHAPITRE 6 – DIGNITÉ HUMAINE
Introduction
Lutte contre la traite des êtres humains
Promouvoir et protéger les droits des femmes
Droits fondamentaux et dignité de l’enfant
Droits sociaux
Conditions de détention humaines
CHAPITRE 7 – ANTIDISCRIMINATION, DIVERSITÉ ET INCLUSION
Introduction
Lutte contre la discrimination
Diversité et inclusion
CHAPITRE 8 – PARTICIPATION DÉMOCRATIQUE
Introduction
Éducation à la démocratie
Jeunesse pour la démocratie
Culture et patrimoine culturel pour la démocratie