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Catalog

Newsletter

Situation de la démocratie, des droits humains et de l'Etat de droit 2023 - Rapport annuel de la Secrétaire Générale du Conseil de l'Europe (2023)

Annual activity report
Format : PDF PDF
049423FRA
Type of document :
Report
Format :
PDF
Language :
French
Size :
4,35 MB
Number of pages :
168
Marija Pejčinović Burić, Secrétaire Générale du Conseil de l'Europe
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Invitation pour un nouvel engagement en faveur des valeurs et des normes du Conseil de l'Europe.

Dans son rapport annuel publié aujourd’hui – Journée du Conseil de l'Europe – la Secrétaire Générale rappelle que les normes de l’Organisation doivent s’appliquer à tous les aspects de la vie des Européens. Elle souligne également le profond impact de l’agression brutale et illégale que la Russie continue de mener contre l’Ukraine. « L’agression contre l’Ukraine a causé d’immenses souffrances, à preuve les centaines de milliers de morts, les millions de réfugiés, les récits terrifiants de tortures, de viols et de pertes. Nous aspirons à un retour à la paix : une paix durable fondée sur la justice ».

Le rapport, dont une première section couvre les points forts et faibles des institutions démocratiques, et une deuxième s’intéresse à la qualité de l’environnement démocratique, constate des défis tels que :

• l’augmentation des violences à l’encontre des journalistes, le recours à la surveillance pour suivre leurs mouvements et les intimider, des tactiques qui vont des arrestations aux procès stratégiques contre la participation publique pour empêcher les journalistes d’enquête et d’autres personnes d’effectuer leur travail;
• la promulgation de nouvelles lois et le détournement des lois existantes pour entraver la société civile, des manifestations abusivement qualifiées de dangereuses, le recours excessif à la force contre les manifestants, des obstacles administratifs et des restrictions financières de plus en plus lourdes contre les organisations non-gouvernementales (ONG), et l’exploitation du système judiciaire pour affaiblir l’opposition politique;
• un environnement politique polarisé dans lequel le discours de haine prend de plus en plus d’ampleur, en ligne et hors ligne, et cible souvent les femmes et diverses minorités et groupes vulnérables.

Ces tendances négatives ne se retrouvent pas partout, d’où l’importance de prendre aussi acte des évolutions positives dans certains États membres.
PRÉFACE DE LA SECRÉTAIRE GÉNÉRALE 
PRINCIPALES CONSTATATIONS DU RAPPORT 
PRÉSENTATION GÉNÉRALE DU RAPPORT 

PARTIE I – LES INSTITUTIONS DÉMOCRATIQUES 
CHAPITRE 1 – EFFICACITÉ, IMPARTIALITÉ ET INDÉPENDANCE DE LA JUSTICE 
Introduction 
Indépendance de la justice 
Responsabilité de la justice 
Efficacité des systèmes judiciaires 
CHAPITRE 2 – LIBERTÉ D’EXPRESSION 
Introduction 
Garanties juridiques de la liberté d’expression 
Protection des journalistes et des autres personnes qui s’expriment 
Un environnement médiatique indépendant et pluraliste 
Fiabilité et confiance dans l’information 
CHAPITRE 3 – LIBERTÉ DE RÉUNION ET LIBERTÉ D’ASSOCIATION 
Introduction 
Liberté de réunion 
Liberté d’association 
CHAPITRE 4 – INSTITUTIONS POLITIQUES 
Introduction 
Fonctionnement des institutions démocratiques 
Élections démocratiques 
Démocratie locale et régionale 
Bonne gouvernance à tous les niveaux territoriaux 
CHAPITRE 5 – INTÉGRITÉ DES INSTITUTIONS 
Introduction 
Cadres d’intégrité institutionnels 
Normes de conduite applicables aux agents publics 
Intégrité, efficacité et impact des mécanismes de responsabilisation et de répression 
Mécanismes de répression pénale et non pénale 

PARTIE II – ENVIRONNEMENT DÉMOCRATIQUE 
CHAPITRE 6 – DIGNITÉ HUMAINE 
Introduction 
Lutte contre la traite des êtres humains 
Promouvoir et protéger les droits des femmes 
Droits fondamentaux et dignité de l’enfant 
Droits sociaux 
Conditions de détention humaines 
CHAPITRE 7 – ANTIDISCRIMINATION, DIVERSITÉ ET INCLUSION 
Introduction 
Lutte contre la discrimination 
Diversité et inclusion 
CHAPITRE 8 – PARTICIPATION DÉMOCRATIQUE 
Introduction 
Éducation à la démocratie 
Jeunesse pour la démocratie 
Culture et patrimoine culturel pour la démocratie