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Catalog

Newsletter

La protection des données personnelles des enfants dans un cadre éducatif - Lignes directrices (2021)

Children and the Internet
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Comité consultatif de la convention pour la protection des personnes à l'égard du traitement automatisé des données à caractère personnel
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Empreinte numérique des enfants: des lignes directrices pour aider les organisations et les personnes dans le contexte éducatif à respecter, protéger et réaliser les droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique

L’environnement numérique façonne la vie des enfants de multiples manières et leur offre des opportunités mais crée aussi des risques pour leur bien-être et la jouissance de leurs droits humains.

C’est le cas dans la vie quotidienne et de plus en plus dans les environnements éducatifs où les outils d’enseignement, de suivi, d’évaluation des enfants se multiplient sans que les différents intervenants aient toujours conscience des enjeux pour la vie privée et la protection des données personnelles des enfants.

L’introduction d’outils numériques en classe a pour effet d’ouvrir les portes de l’école à une grande diversité d’intervenants qui interagissent avec les enfants, ainsi qu’à d’abondantes richesses éducatives. La majorité des appareils et des applications, des logiciels et des plateformes d’apprentissage, qui sont utilisés dans les environnements éducatifs, sont élaborés par des intervenants privés et commerciaux.

Les Lignes directrices sur la protection des données personnelles des enfants dans un cadre éducatif ont pour ambition d’aider les organisations et les personnes dans le contexte éducatif à respecter, protéger et réaliser les droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique, conformément aux instruments du Conseil de l’Europe, notamment la Convention sur la protection des données et la Recommandation du Comité des Ministres CM/Rec(2018)7 sur les Lignes directrices relatives au respect, à la protection et à la réalisation des droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique.
1. INTRODUCTION 
2. PORTÉE ET OBJET 
3. DÉFINITIONS AUX FINS DES PRÉSENTES LIGNES DIRECTRICES 
4. PRINCIPES DU TRAITEMENT DE DONNÉES 
5. PRINCIPES FONDAMENTAUX DES DROITS DES ENFANTS DANS LE CADRE ÉDUCATIF 
5.1. Intérêt supérieur de l’enfant 
5.2. Capacités d’évolution de l’enfant 
5.3. Droit d’être entendu 
5.4. Droit à la non-discrimination 
6. RECOMMANDATIONS À L’INTENTION DES LÉGISLATEURS ET DES DÉCIDEURS POLITIQUES 
6.1. Réexamen de la législation, des politiques et des pratiques 
6.2. Soutien efficace du droit de l’enfant d’être entendu 
6.3. Reconnaissance et intégration des droits de l’enfant 
7. RECOMMANDATIONS À L’INTENTION DES RESPONSABLES DU TRAITEMENT DES DONNÉES 
7.1. Légitimité et base légale 
7.2. Loyauté 
7.3. Évaluation des risques 
7.4. Conservation 
7.5. Sécurisation des données personnelles dans le cadre éducatif 
7.6. Décisions automatisées et profilage 
7.7. Données biométriques 
8. RECOMMANDATIONS POUR L’INDUSTRIE 
8.1. Normes 
8.2. Transparence 
8.3. Caractéristiques de la conception ayant des incidences en matière de protection des données et de respect de la vie privée