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Catalog

Newsletter

Couverture médiatique de la « crise des réfugiés » : perspective européenne (2017)

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Myria Georgiou, Rafal Zaborowski
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Les médias ont joué un rôle important dans la formation du débat public sur la «crise des réfugiés» qui a culminé à l’automne 2015. Ce rapport examine les récits développés par les médias dans huit pays européens et comment ils ont contribué à la perception que le public a de la «crise», passant d’une tolérance prudente durant l’été à une effusion de solidarité et d’humanitarisme en septembre 2015 et enfin à une orientation sécuritaire du débat et un discours de peur en novembre 2015.

Dans l’ensemble, les réfugiés et les migrants ont eu peu d’occasions d’exprimer leur point de vue sur les événements et les médias ont accordé une attention limitée à la souffrance des individus ou au contexte mondial et historique de leur déplacement. Les réfugiés et les migrants sont souvent présentés comme un groupe indiscernable d’étrangers anonymes et non qualifiés qui sont tour à tour vulnérables ou dangereux.

La diffusion d’informations biaisées ou infondées contribue à perpétuer les stéréotypes et à créer un environnement défavorable non seulement à leur accueil, mais aussi aux perspectives à plus long terme d’intégration dans la société.

Résumé
Introduction
Première partie: Contexte de la couverture médiatique de la « crise des réfugiés »
Deuxième partie : Couverture médiatique en Europe
1.    Couverture médiatique en Europe
2.    L’Europe en 2015
    Première période (juillet) : tolérance prudente
    Deuxième période (septembre) : un humanitarisme extatique
    Troisième période (novembre) : peur et réactions sécuritaires
3.    Analyse détaillée des nouvelles tendances
    A.    Réfugiés et conséquences pour l’Europe
    B.    Les mesures militaristes mises en avant après le mois de novembre
    C.    Avec ou sans la parole ? Les réfugiés dans la presse
    D.    Moins de place pour les émotions dans la couverture médiatique des événements
    E.    Particularités des pays : bref aperçu
Troisième partie : Problèmes associés aux usages des médias, bonnes pratiques et recommandations
    1.    Contexte de la couverture médiatique
    2.    Environnement national de la politique des médias
    3.    Concurrence
Conclusions et recommandations
Bibliographie