Fundamental principles relating to judges and judicial systems
The CCJE, consultative body concerning independence, impartiality and competence of judges, highlights the essential role of the judicial power in a democratic society. The CCJE is the first body in an international organisation composed exclusively of judges and constitutes therefore a unique body at the European level. To fulfil its mission, the CCJE provides advice and guidance in the form of Opinions. Although the opinions given by the CCJE take account of existing national situations, they mainly contain innovative proposals for improving the status of judges and the service provided to members of the public seeking justice.
MAGNA CARTA OF JUDGES (FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES)
OPINION NO. 1 (2001) ON STANDARDS CONCERNING THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE JUDICIARY AND THE IRREMOVABILITY OF JUDGES
OPINION NO. 2 (2001) ON THE FUNDING AND MANAGEMENT OF COURTS WITH REFERENCE TO THE EFFICIENCY OF THE JUDICIARY AND TO ARTICLE 6 OF THE EUROPEAN CONVENTION ON HUMAN RIGHTS
OPINION NO. 3 (2002) ON THE PRINCIPLES AND RULES GOVERNING JUDGES’ PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT, IN PARTICULAR ETHICS, INCOMPATIBLE BEHAVIOUR AND IMPARTIALITY
OPINION NO. 4 (2003) ON APPROPRIATE INITIAL AND IN-SERVICE TRAINING FOR JUDGES AT NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LEVELS
OPINION NO. 5 (2003) ON THE LAW AND PRACTICE OF JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS TO THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
OPINION NO. 6 (2004) ON FAIR TRIAL WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME AND JUDGE’S ROLE IN TRIALS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF DISPUTE SETTLEMENT
OPINION NO. 7 (2005) ON JUSTICE AND SOCIETY
OPINION NO. 8 (2006) ON THE ROLE OF JUDGES IN THE PROTECTION OF THE RULE OF LAW AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE CONTEXT OF TERRORISM
OPINION NO. 9 (2006) ON THE ROLE OF NATIONAL JUDGES IN ENSURING AN EFFECTIVE APPLICATION OF INTERNATIONAL AND EUROPEAN LAW
OPINION NO.10 (2007) ON THE COUNCIL FOR THE JUDICIARY AT THE SERVICE OF SOCIETY
OPINION NO.11 (2008) ON THE QUALITY OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS
OPINION NO.12 (2009) ON JUDGES AND PROSECUTORS IN A DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY
OPINION NO.13 (2010) ON THE ROLE OF JUDGES IN THE ENFORCEMENT OF JUDICIAL DECISIONS
OPINION NO. 14 (2011) ON JUSTICE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES (IT)
OPINION NO. 15 (2012) ON THE SPECIALISATION OF JUDGES
OPINION NO. 16 (2013) ON THE RELATIONS BETWEEN JUDGES AND LAWYERS
OPINION NO. 17 (2014) ON THE EVALUATION OF JUDGES' WORK, THE QUALITY OF JUSTICE AND
RESPECT FOR JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE
OPINION NO.18 (2015) ON THE POSITION OF THE JUDICIARY AND ITS RELATION WITH THE OTHER POWERS OF STATE IN A MODERN DEMOCRACY
OPINION NO.19 (2016) ON THE ROLE OF COURT PRESIDENTS
OPINION NO. 20 (2017) ON THE ROLE OF COURTS WITH RESPECT TO THE UNIFORM APPLICATION OF THE LAW
OPINION NO. 21 (2018) ON PREVENTING CORRUPTION AMONG JUDGES .
OPINION NO. 22 (2019) ON THE ROLE OF JUDICIAL ASSISTANTS
OPINION NO. 23 (2020) ON THE ROLE OF ASSOCIATIONS OF JUDGES IN SUPPORTING JUDICIAL INDEPENDENCE
