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Manuel pour les décideurs politiques sur les droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique (2020)

Children's rights
141820FRA
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Sonia Livingstone, Eva Lievens, John Carr
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Un manuel pour soutenir la mise en oeuvre de la Recommandation CM/Rec(2018)7 du Comité des Ministres du Conseil de l’Europe sur les Lignes directrices relatives au respect, à la protection et à la réalisation des droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique

Depuis 2016, le Conseil de l’Europe a travaillé à la promotion des droits de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique par le biais de sa Stratégie pour les droits de l’enfant (2016-2021). À cet égard, notons que les Lignes directrices relatives au respect, à la protection et à la réalisation des droit de l’enfant dans l’environnement numérique adoptées en 2018 par le Comité des Ministres (Recommandation CM/Rec(2018)7) sont un élément clé. Ces lignes directrices ont depuis été saluées, comme l’un des ensembles normatifs le plus complet dans ce domaine. Elles sont particulièrement appréciées pour avoir adopté une approche équilibrée combinant la protection des enfants dans le monde numérique et la promotion de leurs droits positifs en tant qu’utilisateurs finaux des technologies numériques.

En complément des lignes directrices et de leur version adaptée aux enfants « Connaître tes droits dans l’environnement numérique » publié en mai 2020, ce manuel destiné aux décideurs politiques souligne la nécessité pour tous les organismes publics, la société civile et les acteurs privés d’adopter une approche commune. Que ce soit par le biais d’une législation nationale ou par le développement de partenariats stratégiques, le bien-être des enfants dans l’environnement numérique doit devenir une préoccupation commune majeure, pour toutes les parties prenantes au XXIe siècle.

Ce manuel aidera les décideurs d’horizons variés à soutenir les enfants en créant un monde numérique qui respecte, protège et réalise véritablement les droits de l’enfant. Le manuel leur recommande de se pencher régulièrement sur les nouvelles conditions et les défis émergents, tels que l’intelligence artificielle, et propose de nombreuses ressources et outils pratiques pour vérifier que la législation et les politiques nationales soient complètes et à jour.
AVANT-PROPOS 
PETIT APERÇU DE LA RECOMMANDATION CM/REC(2018)7 POUR LES RESPONSABLES POLITIQUES 
CHAPITRE 1 – INTRODUCTION À LA RECOMMANDATION ET AUX LIGNES DIRECTRICES 
1. Quel est l’objet de ce manuel ? 
2. Pourquoi avait-on besoin d’une recommandation ? 
3. Qu’est-ce qu’une recommandation du Conseil de l’Europe et comment est-elle élaborée ? 
4. Comment s’articule la Recommandation avec les normes juridiques internationales et européennes ? 
5. Quel est l’objectif de ce manuel ? 
6. Explication des principaux termes 
7. Quels sont les liens entre TIC et droits de l’enfant ? 
8. Que disent les enfants ? 
9. Que démontrent les données disponibles ? 
10. Comment ce manuel est-il structuré ? 
CHAPITRE 2 – CADRES NATIONAUX 
1. Cadres juridiques 
2. Cadres politiques et institutionnels 
3. Coopération et coordination au niveau national 
4. Principes fondamentaux 
CHAPITRE 3 – LES PRINCIPES OPÉRATIONNELS DANS LA PRATIQUE 
1. Accès à l’environnement numérique
2. Droit à la liberté d’expression et d’information 
3. Participation, droit au jeu et droit de réunion et d’association 
4. Vie privée et protection des données 
5. Droit à l’éducation 
6. Droit à la protection et à la sécurité 
7. Recours 
CHAPITRE 4 – COOPÉRATION ET COORDINATION INTERNATIONALE 
1. Ratification et application des conventions de l’ONU/du Conseil de l’Europe 
2. Coopération avec d’autres États 
3. Coopération avec le Conseil de l’Europe 
4. Coopération avec les instances intergouvernementales, les réseaux transnationaux et d’autres organisations internationales 
CHAPITRE 5 – ÉTABLIR DES RELATIONS AVEC LES ENTREPRISES 
GROS PLAN : PROGRÈS DE L’INTELLIGENCE ARTIFICIELLE (IA) ET IMPLICATIONS POUR LES DROITS DE L’ENFANT